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Historical profile
In Morocco's early history, the country was ruled by Idris (788–985), a descendant of the Prophet Mohammed, and by two religious movements, the Almoravids and the Almohads. The Almohads were succeeded by the Merinids and there followed a period in which there were alternating periods of anarchy and prosperity, as Berber tribes clashed with intruding Arab tribes and with Spanish and Portuguese colonists on the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts.
1664 Sultan Rashid II of the House of Alawi (Morocco's royal family) brought a period of peace and prosperity.
1777 Morocco was the first country to recognise the newly sovereign United States of America. The Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the two countries (negotiated in 1787) is the longest unbroken US treaty relationship.
1904 European governments were attracted to North Africa. France and Spain agreed on respective zones of influence in the country.
1912 Morocco became a French protectorate.
1923 France, Spain and Britain set up the international zone of Tangier.
1926 A rebellion led by Abdel Krim in 1921 was quelled.
1956 Independence was granted by France and Spain. Sultan Sidi Mohammed ben Youssef adopted the title of King Mohammed V. Tangier became Moroccan once more.
1961 King Hassan II succeeded his father, King Mohammed V, to the throne.
1997 In legislative elections, no political bloc won a clear majority in the lower house. The governing parties lost control to a coalition of opposition parties, which formed the government.
1999 King Hassan II died suddenly and his son, Mohammed VI, acceded to the throne.
2000 King Mohammed VI began a process of modest political liberalisation.
2001 At the sixth congress of the Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires (USFP) (Socialist Union of Popular Forces), a resolution was passed that changed the Moroccan voting system from a one-round system to two rounds to make parliamentary elections more open and fair.
2002 King Mohammed VI married Salma Bennani, a 24-year-old computer engineer from Tangier; marriage to a commoner was a break with Royal Moroccan tradition. Morocco landed 12 soldiers on Leila, a smal, Spanish owned, uninhabited island off its coast. Spain reoccupied the island which it calls Isla del Perejil (Parsley Island). After the general election, the two main parties – the USFP and Istiqlal (Parti de l'Istiqlal) (Independence Party) – formed a coalition government. King Mohammed VI appointed the former interior minister Driss Jettou as prime minister.
2003 Senegal and Morocco signed agreements on closer co-operation. There were suicide bombings in Casablanca.
2004 An earthquake killed over 500 people in the north. Morocco was designated a major non-NATO US ally by President Bush, in recognition of the country's support in the US-led war on terror. A free trade agreement with the US came into effect in July.
2005 Prime Minister Driss Jettou, announced in April that Morocco wants to establish a TGV (French high-speed train service) by 2015 between Casablanca, Marrakech and Agadir.
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